Recently in College and Majors Category

Nathan writes:

I was hoping you could help me in my college search. I know I want to be an entrepreneur. I don’t want to hold a typical job working for someone else. As a junior in high school, I have a good amount of experience in the business world. My academic marks are on par with the top universities in the country. Do you know of any colleges that offer programs for people who want to operate their own business empire? A small business just will not do. I appreciate any help you can offer me.


The Career Doctor responds:

One of the biggest trends among students your age is this strong entrepreneurial desire. Many of the high-school and college students I encounter talk about this strong need to make it on their own.

My personal theory — and I have no real research to back it up — is that many of you have witnessed the lack of loyalty employers have showed your parents and family members through the many rounds of corporate “rightsizing” over the last decade, and thus you have this lack of trust that has manifested itself into a desire to control your own fate.

Many business schools around the country offer entrepreneurial programs, so all you need to do is find them.

Of course, I thought finding them would be an easy task, but all the college search sites I visited either used a keyword menu that did not include entrepreneurial studies or yielded zero results when conducting a keyword search.

So my best advice would be to search for the universities and business schools that most interest you — by size, location, etc. — and then while that list is still fairly large, search each of the business schools for majors, minors, special programs related to entrepreneurship.

Finally, you don’t necessarily need to find a business school that offers such programs, but I’ve found that hearing the stories of both successful and unsuccessful entrepreneurs, as well as actually running a small business, is extremely beneficial for budding entrepreneurs.

Get more information about colleges and college planning in this section of Quintessential Careers: College Planning Resources for Teens.

Indrani writes:

I read an article of yours at quintcareers.com. I had a question about college admission. I just switched out of AP U.S. history and was wondering if that was indeed the right choice. I know that I could have handled the course. Yet, I do not think I could have handled the course in addition to studying for the SAT. My other courses include: Honors English, Honors Spanish, Honors Physics, Honors PreCalculus, and AP Chemistry. Now I am in Academic U.S. history. Will top colleges look badly on my decision? Will they not admit me because I did not take AP U.S. history?


The Career Doctor responds:

Let me start by saying that while I have no idea of your high-school grade point average, if you are taking a mix of honors and advanced-placement classes, you must be a student who excels academically.

Everyone has a different interpretation of top colleges, but if you are talking the elite colleges (such as the Ivy League), then you need every advantage you can get. However, course selection and grades are just part of these school look at in applicants.

Obviously, for the vast majority of colleges, standardized test scores are also an important factor. So, if you felt one more advanced placement course was going to hurt your SAT prep, then I think you made the right choice. You are obviously showing you can take (and I assume, succeed in) academically challenging courses, so your next goal should be to get the best score you can on the SAT.

The third element that college admissions folks examine is involvement — and not just being involved, but also taking leadership in at least one organization. It’s much better to have leadership experience in just one organization than be a member of 10 groups.

Finally, just about all admissions professionals I talk with tell me that they also look between the lines of applications for other elements. They are looking for students who are going to bring something new to the campus as well as students who seem a good fit for the school.

I suggest you meet with your guidance counselor and talk about your college goals. Your counselor can then help you map out what you need to do over these next few months to maximize your chances for getting accepted.

You can also read what various college admissions professionals say about a variety of these issues by reading our annual report, Answers to Common College Admissions Questions, published on Quintessential Careers.

Susan writes:

I’m an entering first-year college student, and I just read your article on first-year success in college. I was wondering — I am going to a large public university where a large majority of my classes will have more than 100 students. How exactly do I get to know my professor? Do I just go in and introduce myself?


The Career Doctor responds:

I guess the not-so-helpful answer is that you should have chosen a school with smaller class sizes but I know that’s not helpful…

So… here are my suggestions. First, sit toward the front of class and be attentive in class, make eye contact during lectures, discussions, etc. Students who sit in the first few rows are generally some of the best students (perhaps partly because they are forced to pay attention). Make sure you attend all classes.

Second, work hard… and show that work through tests and papers.

Third, yes, introduce yourself — either after class or during the professor’s office hours. Just a quick introduction — who you are, what your major/career interest, and what interests you about the class… you don’t need to go overboard on praise for the class (the dreaded “brown-nosing”)… just keep it short and simple…

Fourth, as the semester progresses, continue to occasionally make small talk and build rapport with the professor — so that it will hopefully carry over beyond the semester.

By the way, I think it’s great that you are thinking ahead and that you have a desire to be known at your new school. Best of luck to you!!

Finally, don’t forget that good grades will not come as easily in college as they did in high school. Here are a few tips for getting good grades in college:

  • Get organized. Use a planner of other system to keep track of deadlines, homework assignments, tests.
  • Use time wisely. Tackle harder stuff first, and reward yourself with small breaks. As one of my favorite former students used to say, “work hard to play hard.”
  • Study, study, study. A lot of first-year college students have never had to develop good study habits, but now is the time to do so. And study early and often.

For more general tips and strategies for improving your grades in college, read my latest article, 10 Tips for Getting Good (or Better) Grades in College.

Kris writes:

I am a high school senior ready to graduate and I only have the grades to go to a 2-year community college, and I don’t really know what I could major in that would require me only 2 years! Please help me with some ideas. Thanks a lot!


The Career Doctor responds:

First of all, let me say that community colleges are great places — I taught at one for a few years while getting my Ph.D. — and you should not feel desperate. Students who attend community colleges usually follow one of two routes — they either go into a career that only requires an associate’s degree or certification — or — they use their associate’s degree as a stepping-stone to transfer to a four-year college or university to complete a bachelor’s degree.

You can find a wealth of information about community colleges at the American Association of Community Colleges site.

So, please try and make the best of your situation. Poor grades in high school do not have to stop you from achieving your dreams. Going to community college and developing good study habits and getting good grades can be a springboard to take you to great heights — whatever those heights might be!

Leah writes:

I am a student in high school and I have no clue what I want to do when I get older, if you know of any sites or anything please inform me of them. Thanks a lot; this has really been bothering me lately and I really don’t know what else to do….


The Career Doctor responds:

Leah, the good news is that you have many years to figure out exactly what you want to do with your life — and even then, most experts predict that people will change their careers five times over their lifetimes… so, take a deep breath and relax.

What you should really do is examine your strengths — that is, what you’re good at in school. And then examine what you enjoy doing. Then spend some time thinking about types of jobs that might incorporate these skills and strengths. You might also consider taking a few of these career assessments, which are another tool in helping you discover what you’re good at and what you like to do.

Are you planning to go to college? Most studies show that people with a college education make a much higher income than those with just a high-school diploma, so you should be looking in this direction. If you know you are going to college, then you need to look at colleges that offer majors or minors in the subjects that most interest you. For example, if you have an interest in journalism as a career, there are some fantastic journalism schools around the country.

There are lots of college sites, but I recommend you start at mine. If you go to College Planning Resources for Teens, you find original articles about choosing a college, strategies for visiting colleges, and choosing a college major — as well as links to the best college-related sites for teens.

Remember, no choice you make today is irreversible — you have plenty of time to discover what you really want to accomplish in your life.

Melissa writes:

I am 27 years old and looking to go back to school full-time. I went to college briefly after high school as a business major but didn’t stay and am now regretting it… BIG TIME. I want to advance myself and my career but sometimes feel I am too old competing against all these younger people that just graduated college. How can i over come the feeling of inadequacy and what are some suggestions for a college major that is goal oriented but will help me out in the real world?


The Career Doctor responds:

I think you know what I am going to say… just do it! Heck, one of my favorite students is a 50-something woman, so being 27 is nothing. If you can find a way to do it financially, I really encourage you to go back to college full-time. So what if you’re 30 by the time you finish? Going back to college will be an investment of your time and money, but it’s an investment that will continue to pay you back for a lifetime.

Study after study shows that college graduates make more money and live a more comfortable lifestyle. The lifetime income of families headed by individuals with a bachelor’s degree will be about $1.6 million more than the incomes of families headed by those with a high-school diploma.

And it’s not just all about money. Folks with a college degree also have better job opportunities, and develop skills and knowledge that will serve many purposes, and live healthier and happier lives.

But as you are contemplating this leap back to college, you also need to take time for some self-assessment and career exploration. You need to discover your passions in life - and how you can apply those to one or more careers.

And if I may make one plug for a business education, let me reiterate my view that I think every college student should at least minor in business (if not major in it). How many college grads are not going to work for a business in their lives? Having at least a minor gives you important insights and skills needed in the business environment.

And remember - no regrets. Some folks are just not ready to tackle college at 18… needing time to gain the maturity and appreciation necessary to succeed.

Read more in this article published on Quintessential Careers: What Good is a College Education Anyway? The Value of a College Education.

Kelly writes:

I am a college-bound teen — I hope — and am interested in your opinion about the value of me attending a summer camp to help me with the whole college choice, college application process. What are your thoughts?


The Career Doctor responds:

I remember when summer camps used to places for hiking, swimming, sitting around the campfire, and other fun activities — and while there are still camps like this — a growing number of college and career prep camps are offered to high-school students from around the country.

In the increasingly competitive college admissions process, some high school students, such as yourself — or your parents — are turning to college-bound programs offered by a variety of traditional and academic camps. And according to the American Camping Association, the number of member camps offering academics has grown about 15 percent over the last few years.

Students and parents are looking for that extra edge, whether in finding the perfect college, writing the admissions application and essay, or mastering one of the standardized admissions tests, are turning to both traditional camps that are adding academic enrichment programs and college-prep camps located on college campuses around the country.

These college-prep camps are expensive, but they are sold as a small investment into a very important decision… most of these camps costs several thousands of dollars for two- to four-week sessions.

Should you consider one of these camps? If you are considering some of the most prestigious colleges in the country, then these camps could help you in better understanding and better preparing for the admissions process, but if you are planning to attend one of the vast majority of colleges that fall in the middle (or lower) of the rankings, then it might make more sense to use the resources already available to you at school, in books, and online.

Read more in this article published on Quintessential Careers: Are Summer College Prep or Academic Enrichment Camps Right for You?

Christine writes:

I am interested in a career in fashion design, fashion merchandising, and fashion journalism. I know I can take courses in fashion design and merchandising at community colleges, but I didn’t see any courses in fashion journalism. Would I just need to take a regular journalism course and also the courses I need to take to do fashion design and merchandising to be able to do all three?


The Career Doctor responds:

I think it’s great that you have discovered your passion in fashion. Obviously, you envision yourself doing something in fashion, whether it’s creating it, marketing it, or reporting on it.

That said, I think the skills you need to do those three careers are all quite different, and while it makes sense to take classes in all three areas to absorb as much about the fashion industry as possible, its probably better to try and narrow down your choices. Besides learning more about the industry, the classes might help clarify which specific path you want to follow.

I also suggest you work with a counselor and people in your network to attempt to shadow one or more professionals in each of the career fields. See what a day in the life is really like. If job shadowing is not possible, you can at least conduct a number of informational interviews with people working in these careers. By doing one or both of these activities, you’ll be able to ask people working in a job you might aspire to how they got to where they are today — and that should help you with your educational and career planning.

Assuming you are in school, you should also consider one or more internships in fashion, marketing, or journalism to help you narrow your career choices. And work with a counselor to help narrow your choices — and find the best career path for you.

A pretty cool resource for folks interested in fashion careers is this section from About.com: Job Descriptions of Cool Fashion Careers.

Jeffrey writes:

My son is a junior in high school with a 3.8 GPA, but he can’t define what he wants to do in life. His mother and I have been telling him to pick something even if it is wrong. This will at least give him some focus and direction so that we may line up potential colleges. What do you recommend?


The Career Doctor responds:

I totally agree with you that having an idea of potential future career plans helps in many ways, including finding colleges that have strong programs in that field. The problem, unfortunately, is that many people struggle over the course of their lives in trying to find their ideal careers — so the likelihood of a 16-year-old doing so is small. Many college students go through multiple majors before settling on one.

I going to suggest some exercises for your son to take that may help him begin to identify one or more career paths, but unless something clearly emerges from the process, the best suggestion I have would be to narrow the choices on some of the other major criteria students use, such as entrance requirements, size, location, costs (and financial assistance), type (public/private), reputation/ranking, degrees offered, and accreditation.

So, where should your son start in trying to identify possible careers and majors? The keys are self-assessment and research. The first step is identifying favorite courses and activities — then looking for common elements among them. He should also examine his strengths and weaknesses, focusing more on his strengths. Because some people have a hard time with introspective activities, one or more self-assessment tests can help him discover more things about himself — and some tests even suggest potential careers based on the results.

The second phase is research. First researching careers that match his interests and strengths, and then talking with people in those careers to discover more about the career paths and how they got there (including colleges, majors, degrees). He should even consider hands-on research, such as job shadowing and volunteering. Finally, he should research colleges and universities that offer majors/degrees for his potential careers.

And for the latest on trends and issues with college admissions, go to the Answers to Common College Admissions Questions, published on Quintessential Careers.

April writes:

If I was interested into going about being a website master or assistant, what would be the proper major of field to go in?

The Career Doctor responds:

You could certainly get the technical skills you need for such a job from a community college or even some sort of certificate program, but if you are a regular reader of this blog, you must know I am an advocate for getting as much education as possible — when it’s possible — so I would suggest you look into four-year colleges that offer a major in Web publishing and e-commerce. These programs might be housed in one of several areas: computer science, digital arts, or business.

I am an advocate for obtaining your bachelor’s degree not only for the intrinsic value, but because it is the minimum standard of many professional jobs, and as you advance in your career, the lack of a bachelor’s degree could hold you back from promotions and other advancements.

A Webmaster must have a large skill set, from the technical skills of how to create and manage Web pages, to the softer skills of communications and interpersonal relationships. You’ll be part of a team from all parts of the organization that helps develop and manage the organization’s Web presence. And typically, you’ll start as a member of that Web development team — as a Web designer or developer.

Different organizations define Webmasters differently, but basically a Webmaster is responsible for managing the evolution and well-being of the Web work, as well as the more traditional HTML and other technical work. In some organizations the Webmaster is a senior-level position — part of the strategic team guiding the entire organization.

You can get started now by learning some of the basic skills, possibly hosting your own site, and conducting informational interviews and shadowing current Webmasters and Web developers.

Learn more about how to conduct career research in this article published on Quintessential Careers: Research Companies and Careers Through Job Shadowing.

Randall S. Hansen, Ph.D., the Career Doctor


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About The Career Doctor Blog

The Career Doctor Blog provides intelligent and level-headed solutions to job-seeker questions. Updated daily with a new career, college, or job-related question - coupled with a thoughtful response from nationally-recognized career expert Dr. Randall Hansen - The Career Doctor. Have a question that has you stumped? Feel free to email your question, but please know that because of the large volume of emails Dr. Hansen receives that a personal response is often not possible... and that it may take some time for your question to appear in the Career Doctor Blog.
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